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2011年3月高級(jí)口譯漢譯英

合營(yíng)企業(yè)設(shè)董事會(huì)，其人數(shù)組成由合營(yíng)各方協(xié)商，在合同、章程中確定，并由合營(yíng)各方委派。董事會(huì)是合營(yíng)企業(yè)的最高權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)，決定合營(yíng)企業(yè)的一切重大問(wèn)題。董事長(zhǎng)由合營(yíng)各方協(xié)商確定或由董事會(huì)選舉產(chǎn)生。董事長(zhǎng)是合營(yíng)企業(yè)法定代表人。董事長(zhǎng)不能履行職責(zé)時(shí)，應(yīng)授權(quán)其他董事代表合營(yíng)企業(yè)。

An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture.

董事會(huì)會(huì)議由董事長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)召集并主持。董事會(huì)會(huì)議應(yīng)當(dāng)有2/3以上董事出席方能舉行。董事不能出席的，可以出具委托書(shū)委托他人代表其出席和表決。董事會(huì)會(huì)議應(yīng)用中文和英文作詳細(xì)記錄，并在會(huì)議結(jié)束后14日內(nèi)送交每位董事，由出席董事會(huì)會(huì)議的各位董事簽字確認(rèn)。

The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board. A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. Should a director be unable to attend, he may make a proxy authorizing someone else to represent him and vote in his stead. Detailed minutes of the board meeting shall be prepared in Chinese and English and shall be delivered to each director within fourteen days of the conclusion of the meeting to be signed and confirmed by each of the directors who attended the board meeting.

【解析】

本文選自《中華人民共和國(guó)中外合資經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)法實(shí)施條例》。從《條例》的第五章：董事會(huì)與經(jīng)營(yíng)管理機(jī)構(gòu)中選取n個(gè)句子拼湊而成的文章。英文本源自中華人民共和國(guó)務(wù)院法制局編譯, 中國(guó)法制出版社出版的《中華人民共和國(guó)涉外法規(guī)匯編》(1991年7月版)。并聲明：當(dāng)發(fā)生歧意時(shí), 應(yīng)以法律法規(guī)頒布單位發(fā)布的中文原文為準(zhǔn)。

本文屬于正式法律條文式翻譯，因此，在語(yǔ)言的選擇上，要注意文體性，不可過(guò)于口語(yǔ)化。從英譯文版本中可以看出，在表達(dá)“應(yīng)當(dāng)”“要”等詞的時(shí)候，多用shall一詞；在表達(dá)“如果”的意思時(shí)，用的不是“if”，而是“should”；又如thereof的使用，文體正式程度可見(jiàn)一斑。此其一。其二，考生要注意專有名詞的翻譯。諸如contract合同articles章程appoint委派Detailed minutes of the board meeting詳細(xì)記錄 perform one’s duty履行職責(zé)the legal representative法定代表人authorize授權(quán)等等。其三，個(gè)別句子的翻譯處理。如“董事會(huì)會(huì)議應(yīng)當(dāng)有2/3以上董事出席方能舉行?！弊g文 A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. 其中quorum的用法極為精辟，簡(jiǎn)練，地道。這需要考生十年磨礪，凡能一招成名。

總之，法律條文等正式問(wèn)題翻譯，對(duì)語(yǔ)言的得體性要求較高，語(yǔ)法要求相對(duì)松一些。考生只能平時(shí)多積累，多練習(xí)，注重專有名詞的歸納總結(jié)，才能從容面對(duì)此類考題。

2011年3月中級(jí)口譯英譯漢

When President Obama took the stage here Wednesday to address a community — and a nation — traumatized by Saturday’s shootings rampage in Tucson, Arizona, it invited comparisons to President George W. Bush’s speech to the nation after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and the memorial service President Bill Clinton led after the bombing of a federal office building killed 168 people in Oklahoma City in 1995.

本周三，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)登臺(tái)演講，就上周六亞利桑那州圖森市所發(fā)生的槍擊慘案向飽受心靈創(chuàng)傷的公眾及全國(guó)發(fā)表演講，人們不禁聯(lián)想到，布什總統(tǒng)在2001年911襲擊之后的演講、以及1995年克林頓總統(tǒng)為俄克拉荷馬州聯(lián)邦政府大樓爆炸中的168名遇害者舉行的追悼會(huì)。

But Osama’s appearance presented a deeper challenge, reflecting the tenor of his times. Unlike those tragedies---which, at least initially, united a mournful country and quieted partisan divisions---this one has, in the days since the killings, had the opposite effect, inflaming the divide.

然而，奧巴馬的公開(kāi)露面展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)更大的挑戰(zhàn)，也映射出他所處時(shí)代的要旨。以往那些慘案使整個(gè)國(guó)家在哀悼中團(tuán)結(jié)一致，黨派分歧也銷聲匿跡——至少慘案發(fā)生初期是這樣的。而本次的槍擊慘案卻恰恰相反，激化了黨派間的分歧。

It was a political reality Mr. Obama seemed to recognize the moment he took the stage. He directly confronted the political debate that erupted after the rampage, asking people of all beliefs not to use the tragedy to turn on one another. He called for an end to partisan recriminations, and for a unity that has seemed increasingly elusive as each day has brought more harsh condemnations from the left and the right. It was one of the most powerful addresses that Mr. Obama has delivered as president, harnessing the emotion generated by the shock and loss from Saturday’s shootings to urge Americans “to remind ourselves of all the ways that our hopes and dreams are bound together”.

奧巴馬登臺(tái)不久，便意識(shí)到了這一政治現(xiàn)實(shí)。他直接針對(duì)槍擊慘案發(fā)生后引發(fā)的政治辯論，呼吁所有持不同宗教信仰的人們不要借機(jī)針?shù)h相對(duì)。他呼吁各黨派停止相互指責(zé)，同時(shí)呼吁各黨派團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。因各黨派之間的指責(zé)日益嚴(yán)厲且鋒芒畢露，團(tuán)結(jié)已經(jīng)漸行漸遠(yuǎn)。本次演說(shuō)是奧巴馬擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)以來(lái)發(fā)表的最具號(hào)召力的一次，他在演講中巧妙利用了美國(guó)人因槍殺事件而產(chǎn)生的震驚與悲痛，敦促美國(guó)人“時(shí)刻提醒自己，我們因希望和夢(mèng)想而團(tuán)結(jié)在一起”。

【解析】

本次筆譯題直接以西方報(bào)刊文章為素材，考查長(zhǎng)句難句翻譯，有一定的難度。美國(guó)民主黨女議員布里埃爾?吉福茲1月8日在亞利桑那州圖森市出席活動(dòng)時(shí)遭遇槍手襲擊，本文圍繞此事，并結(jié)合美國(guó)政治做出評(píng)論。試題設(shè)置也比較老套，相信定期關(guān)注國(guó)際時(shí)事的同學(xué)，或者提前看過(guò)滬江雙語(yǔ)新聞的童鞋肯定已經(jīng)在偷著樂(lè)了。欲知原因請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊滬江背景信息>>

第一段“traumatized”引導(dǎo)的后置定語(yǔ)，較難處理，也是試題設(shè)置的采分點(diǎn)。

另外，第二段的“at least initially”這是英文特有的結(jié)構(gòu)，也值得大家注意，備考時(shí)應(yīng)特別準(zhǔn)備。

第三段，call 所帶的兩個(gè)并列賓語(yǔ)，也是很難處理的結(jié)構(gòu)。此外，翻h(huán)arness這個(gè)詞時(shí)也需要倍加小心。

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2011年春季上海高級(jí)口譯真題翻譯原文匯總

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