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感官動詞see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后既可接不帶to的不定式作賓補,也可用v-ing形式作賓補。前者表示動作已結(jié)束,后者表示動作正在發(fā)生。試比較:
He saw a girl get on the bus. 他看見一個女孩上車了(上車的動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)
He saw a girl getting on the bus. 他看見一個女孩在上車(上車的動作正在進行)。
在語法的第一講里,我向各位學員介紹了英語中有關句子的一些基本情況和“家族”中的一部分成員-----主要是簡單句,在今天這一講里,我將繼續(xù)給大家介紹句子“家族”中的另外一些“成員”——并列句和復合句。
A. 并列句:(compound sentence)
由兩個或兩個以上相互不依從的句子構(gòu)成。并列句的各個分句之前通常用并列連詞連接,并列連詞前可用逗號,也可不用。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句。
主要并列連詞有:and, but, or, for, so, while, however, either...or, neither...nor, not only…but also, both…and 等
主要并列連詞的用法
1 and: 意為“和,而且”,表示同等關系或遞進關系
1>. I went there by train and she went there by plane. 我乘火車去那里的,她乘飛機去那里的。
2>. Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher. 她父親是醫(yī)生,她母親是教師。
3>. Tom finished his homework, and they went out to play games. 湯姆做完了作業(yè),他們就出去玩游戲了。
2 but: 意為“但是”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系。
1>. She is very old but she is in good health. 她年紀很大了,但身體很好。
2>. He is poor, but he is happy. 他窮,但是他幸福。
3>. The man shouted to the policemen, but they didn't hear him.
4>. Some people don't like summer, but I quite like it. 有些人不喜歡夏天,但是我很喜歡。
3 or: 意為“或者,否則”,表示選擇關系。
1>. Are you going with us or will you stay at home? 你同我們一起去,還是呆在家里呢?
2>. The students can go swimming or they can go mountain climbing.
學生們可以去游泳,也可以去爬山。
3>. You'd better go by taxi, or you will be late. 你最好乘出租車去,否則要遲到了。
4 for:表示“因為,表示因果關系”。是“前果后因”。
1>. He is late for class every day, for he gets up late every day.
2>. We passed the exam, for we studied very hard.
5. so: 因此,也表示因果關系,是“前因后果?!?/p>
1>. He gets up late every day, so he I slate for school every day.
2>. We studied very hard, so we passed the exam.
6. not only...but also意為“不但……而且”,表示同等關系。
1>. Not only can he drive a car, but he can also repair cars. 他不但會開車,而且還會修車。
2>. He was not only a good father, but he was also a good husband. 他不僅是個好父親,也是個好丈夫。
7. either...or意為“不是……就是,或者……或者”,表示選擇關系
1>. You can either do it by yourself or you can ask someone else to do it.
你或者自己做這件事,或者請別人做這件事。
2>. Either the teacher didn't explain the sentence clearly, or I didn't understand it.
不是老師沒有把這個句子解釋清楚,就是我沒有理解。
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(責任編輯:vstara)