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【導(dǎo)讀】本文是由中大職稱英語考試網(wǎng)編輯整理的職稱英語相關(guān)復(fù)習(xí)內(nèi)容,更多免費(fèi)精選職稱英語輔導(dǎo)資料盡在中大職稱英語考試網(wǎng),敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注!
二.原因狀語從句
I) because, since,和as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句
1. 其中because語氣最強(qiáng),多表示所述理由是本句重點(diǎn),強(qiáng)調(diào)別人未知的事實(shí),故because引導(dǎo)的從句多放在句末,回答why的問句時(shí),只能用because。
在語氣上since次之,as最弱。since和as表示的原因,多是已知的既成事實(shí),原因以外的才是敘述的重點(diǎn),因而兩者多用于句首。
As it is raining, let’s stay indoors.
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.
用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句時(shí),只能用because引導(dǎo)。
It was because he was careless that he failed.
在because引導(dǎo)的從句中,如果主句是否定句,而主句和后面的從句之間沒有逗號(hào)分開,這時(shí)not 修飾的是后面的整個(gè)從句。
The machine did not stop because the fuel was used up.
機(jī)器停了下來,并不是因?yàn)槿剂嫌霉饬恕?/p>
如果主句和從句間用逗號(hào)分開,意思就不同了。
I was not kind to him, because he was rude. 我對(duì)他不友好,因?yàn)樗麩o禮。
II) for 和because 的區(qū)別
because 表示因果關(guān)系,語氣最強(qiáng);而for引導(dǎo)的是并列句,它只是對(duì)前面分句進(jìn)行解釋, 說明推斷的理由,并且只能后置。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.
(該句不能用because, 因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在地面濕不是導(dǎo)致昨夜下雨的原因)
It is morning, for the birds are singing. 天亮了, 鳥兒在鳴叫。
(鳥鳴不能引起天亮,所以本句不能用because代替for)
三.結(jié)果狀語從句
so … that, such … that, so,等引導(dǎo)出結(jié)果狀語從句
注:I) 注意so和such后面跟的詞。其常見情況為:
so + adj. / adv.+ that; he is so clever that everyone likes him.
such a (an) + adj. + n. + that( =so +adj. +a(an) + n. +that)
such + n. (可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞) + that
若名詞前的修飾語為many, much, few, little則用so,不用such.
There is so much homework to do that I can’t play computer games today.
There is such lot of homework to do that I can’t play computer games today.
四.目的狀語從句
I) so that, in order that和in case, lest 等引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句
so that , in order that 常與may, can, could, might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用
In order that he shouldn’t wake up his wife, he came in quietly.
Ⅱ) in case, lest 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句多用虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu):should + v. 原形,意為“以防”、“以免”。 例如:
He ran away lest he (should) be caught.
I hid the book in case she should see it. 我把書藏起來,以防被她看到。
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