書面表達解題技巧

書面表達”是考查學生綜合運用英語能力的一種題型，它要求考生根據(jù)所給情景和要求寫一篇短文，文章內(nèi)容要符合所給的情景和要求。文理句子要通順，它既像作文又不完全是作文，因為書面表達有提示和要求兩部分?！疤崾尽币话惆ㄅc寫作內(nèi)容緊密相關(guān)的信息；“要求”一般包括對短文的文體、格式及字數(shù)的要求。我們不能離開情景和要求自行立意、選材，隨意發(fā)揮。它類似漢譯英，但又不同于漢譯英，因為我們必須根據(jù)所給材料進行適當?shù)匕l(fā)揮，切中題意，語言準確，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范。為此我們要做到以下幾點，按要求完成題目，取得良好的成績。

一、審題要仔細

仔細閱讀“書面表達”的提示及要求，有給文字背景材料的，有看圖作文的，還有兩者兼而有之的。對于文字材料，我們要仔細閱讀其內(nèi)容，并對材料中所給的信息進行篩選，抓住重點，進行立意，否則，會導致書面表達的錯誤率升高，甚至邏輯不清，文不對題。對于看圖作文，我們把幾幅畫面聯(lián)系起來，若是漫畫式的，一般主題鮮明，圖畫中多余的內(nèi)容很少，讀起來比較容易理解。若是寫實式的，圖畫中與主題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容較多，有時容易被細小問題所糾纏而不能明確主題，所以要仔細審題，領(lǐng)會作者究竟想表達一個什么樣的中心思想，然后再分別去描述。

二、行文要正確

讀完提示與要求之后，就要對提供的信息或畫面進行語言上的組織，要用英語進行思維，有的學生習慣用漢語打底稿，再逐句翻譯，這樣一方面浪費時間，另一方面容易寫成漢語式的英語。要學會用英語思維，直接用英語表達，使文章意思連貫，語言流暢，邏輯嚴謹。

三、語言要嚴謹

盡量使用自己熟悉的已經(jīng)掌握的詞匯和句型，長短句子要結(jié)合，盡量使用簡單句，正確選擇人稱和時態(tài)。若一時想不起某個單詞的拼寫，可“ 繞道而行”， 由同義詞或近義詞來代替， 也可使用同義句或者正話反說。如“他英語學得很好” ，可以說He studies English very well./ He is goodat English./ He does well in English. 或者HisEnglish isn’t poor. 這是關(guān)鍵的一步，只有把握好這一關(guān)，才能有效地減少錯誤的發(fā)生。

四、適當發(fā)揮

適當發(fā)揮但不能脫離中心， 還要符合字數(shù)要求，切忌多多益善。古人云“言多易失”，你寫得越多，出錯的幾率就越大，所以不可畫蛇添足，為了語言的連貫性，適當使用過渡詞，如and、then、so、or、but等，可使文章錦上添花。

五、書寫要規(guī)范

卷面要清楚，書寫要規(guī)范。卷面就像是人的臉面，干干凈凈，一塵不染最好。首先你就能得到一些感情分，即便有些錯誤，閱卷者也不愿意忍痛割愛。相反，字跡潦草，涂涂改改，肯定要被扣分，另外書寫時要壓格，這樣會使字跡看起來更清楚、更漂亮。

六、成文多查看

文章寫完后， 一定要回過頭來認真檢查，檢查時注意以下要點①文章是否符合題意要求，要點有無遺漏②語言是否流暢，語法是否正確，包括單詞拼寫、大小寫，標點符號；動詞時態(tài)，語態(tài)，名詞單復數(shù)，所有格，主謂一致，詞語搭配等?？傊?，英語書面表達能力的提高是一個從量變到質(zhì)變的過程，需要我們平時在學習中多注意，多積累，從根本上解決存在的問題，這樣才有“一份耕耘，一份收獲”，也才能讓自己“下筆如有神”。

假設(shè)你叫李磊，請你針對這封信的內(nèi)容，給這位父親寫封回信，談?wù)勀愕目捶āＲ螅簵l例清楚，語義連貫，句式規(guī)范，字跡工整。詞數(shù)80左右。

Dear editor,

I'm sorry to trouble you. I have a daughter. She is 13 years old. She likes making telephone calls. As soon as he gets back from school, she picks up the telephone and calls her classmates. She talks and talks, sometimes for 2 or 3 hours. We can't use it. I tell him not to do it, but she is unhappy. What should I do?

A worried father

【步步點撥】

1. 本文主要談如何糾正孩子愛打電話的問題，屬于學生比較熟悉的話題。

2. 本文的格式是書信。特別要求學生注意稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語和署名。

3. 問題的解決可從內(nèi)因和外因兩個方面出發(fā)。內(nèi)因可以從學生的天職是學習去談；外因可以去找老師，找同學的家長幫忙，也可以為她安裝上部電話，讓她付話費。

4. 本文屬于論述文，要求在文章中有明確的觀點，并用事例論證。

【例文品讀】

Dear Sir,

Don't worry. You can have a word with her and tell her what to do. As a student, she must put her heart into the study. Making telephones too much is bad for her study. If she goes on doing it, you can tell it to her teachers. I think they can help you.

You can also find out whom your daughter calls up. You may ask their parents for help.

You may buy a telephone for her. She can make telephone calls with her own telephone, but she must pay for it by herself.

Yours,

Li Lei

Lin Ping

實戰(zhàn)練習

（1）

Write at least 60 words about the topic “Face life with a smile.”(以“笑對人生”（微笑著面對生活）為題寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標點符號不占格。)

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時間匯總

各省市2014年中考報名時間匯總

各地2013年中考滿分作文

各省市2014年中考體育評分標準與項目匯總

（注意：短文不得出現(xiàn)學生的姓名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。）

The following points must be included. (下列要點必須包含。)

? How do you usually face life? / Do you usually face the life with a smile?

? Especially when should you smile to face life? (Give at least two examples.)

? Why?

(注意：短文不得出現(xiàn)學生的姓名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。)

（2）

Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “My view on using the Internet.” (以“我對使用因特網(wǎng)的看法”為題寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標點符號不占格。)

（注意：短文不得出現(xiàn)學生的姓名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。）

Suggested questions (以下問題僅供參考)

?What are your views on using the Internet?

? Why do you think so? (Give at least two reasons.)

? What are your suggestions to using the Internet properly?

（3）

Write at least 60 words about the topic "The ways I deal with my problem(s) in study".

(以“我應(yīng)對學習中所遇問題的方法”為題寫一篇不少于60個詞的短文，標點符號不占格。)

(注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的姓名、校名、及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。)

Use the following points as a reference. (以下問題僅供參考)

? What problem(s) do you have in study?

? How do you deal with the problem(s)?

? What can you learn from your experience of dealing with the problem(s)?

(注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分)

（4）

Write at least 60 words about the topic " has helped me to learn a lot ". (以“ 使我受益匪淺”為題寫一篇不少于60個字的短文，標點符號不占格。)

(注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分)

Use the following points as a reference. (以下問題僅供參考)

● What has helped you to learn a lot?

● When did you first take it up?

● How did it help you? Give some examples.

書面表達(20分)

李老師想了解班級同學的狀況， 請你根據(jù)下面的內(nèi)容要求， 給李老師寫一封信， 說明自己的情況。

內(nèi)容要點：

1．學習任務(wù)重， 睡眠不足， 缺少體育活動。同學間缺乏溝通和交流；

2．在家不允許看電視、 上網(wǎng)、 聽音樂等。

Dear Ms Li，

I'm very glad to write to you. _____________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Best wishes.

 

Dear Ms Li，

I'm very glad to write to you. I have a lot of troubles these days. Every day I have a lot of homework to do. I don't have enough time to sleep. I nearly have no time to do sports. My friends and I can hardly find time to talk, or play together. When I get back home from school, I'm not allowed to watch TV, surf the Internet or listen to my favourite music. I feel worried about myself. I don't know what I should do. Could you please give me some suggestions?

Best wishes.

在家庭里、在社會中，只要我們從自身做起，我們的行為就可以為實現(xiàn)和諧社會(harmonious society)起到推進作用。你們學校的English Newsletter正在以Doing Our Part(從自身做起)為題舉行征文活動，請根據(jù)下列表格提示的內(nèi)容，用英語寫一篇征文。

	行為	作用
在家庭里	(1)幫助父母做家務(wù)事 (2)和父母多交流	(1)讓父母不太累 (2)……
在社會中	(1)不亂扔垃圾 (2)…… (3)……	(1)使環(huán)境美化(2)…… (3)……
展望：如果我們每個人……

要求：

(1)表達清楚，語法正確，上下文連貫；

(2)必須包括所有相關(guān)信息，并作適當發(fā)揮；

(3)詞數(shù)：100左右(征文的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；

(4)不得使用真實姓名、校名和地名等。

Doing Our Part

We have grown up and it's time for us to do something for our family and society.

At home, ______________________________________________

parents won't be so tired.We should also spend time chatting with them so that parents and we can understand each other better.

When we are out，it's more important to pay attention to our behavior.To make the environment beautiful，we should pick litter up instead of dropping it.Besides，it's bad manners to talk loudly in public places.Others will be disturbed.Finally，we should help those people in need and they'll live a better life.

I'm sure if each of us does our part，our family and society will be more harmonious

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時間匯總

各省市2014年中考報名時間匯總

各地2013年中考滿分作文

各省市2014年中考體育評分標準與項目匯總

.

書面表達(20分)

同學們，你是怎樣度過你豐富多彩的周末的？下面請你以“My Weekends”為題寫一篇短文，讓老師、同學們和你一起分享一下你的weekends吧！

短文的開頭和結(jié)尾部分已給出。

My Weekends

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I usually have a great time on weekends and I like them very much.

My Weekends

Do you know what I often do on weekends? First I have to finish my homework.Then I often go to play football with my friends and sometimes I go to the park or the zoo.When the weather is bad,I usually play computer games and watch TV at home.Sometimes I play cards with my parents.

I usually have a great time on weekends and I like them very much.

書面表達(20分)

暑假即將來臨，請介紹一下你的暑期計劃。

內(nèi)容要點：

1．適當放松休息，外出觀光旅游；

2．探望祖父母并跟他們介紹保持健康的方法；

3．看書，補習功課；

4．幫父母做家務(wù)。

要求：

1．80詞左右；

2．可結(jié)合自己的實際情況進行適當?shù)陌l(fā)揮；

3．不要透露你的真實姓名以及你所在學校、班級等有關(guān)情況，否則不予評分。

___________________________________________________.

Summer vacation is coming and I'm really excited.

Now let me tell you about my plans.

First, I'm going to relax myself. Maybe I'm going to Shanghai because Shanghai is my favourite city.

Next I'm visiting my grandparents when I'm free. We'll talk about how to keep healthy.

Then I'm going to read lots of books and get ready for the new term.

And finally I'm going to do much housework because I want my parents to have a good rest.

書面表達(20分)

你樓上的鄰居自從搬來后， 總是把音響開得很大(play the stereos so loud), 還經(jīng)常持續(xù)到深夜(last into late night), 使得你幾乎不能入睡， 有時還得服用安眠藥(sleeping pills); 而且他們的女兒每天早上很早就開始練習唱歌。這一切使得你很累。

請根據(jù)以上情況給他們寫一封信， 和他們談?wù)勀愕母惺埽?希望他們能接受你的意見。

Dear Neighbor，

I am sorry to write to you, but your family has really bothered me these days. Since you moved upstairs, you have always played the stereos so loud and made them last into late night. I hardly fall asleep every night and sometimes have to take some sleeping pills. Would you mind turning down your stereos? Besides, your daughter practices singing every early morning. All these make me feel exhausted.

So I really hope you can accept my advice, can't you?

根據(jù)中英文提示詞語，寫出意思連貫，符合邏輯，詞數(shù)100左右的文章，所給英文提示詞語必須都用上。

中文提示：保護我們的環(huán)境是十分重要的，它有利于我們的身體健康，我們僅有一個地球，我們就生存在這個地球上，所以保護環(huán)境是我們義不容辭的責任。那么，我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢？我們該怎么辦呢？

提示詞：take good care of, important, only one earth, good for, our duty, pick up, rubbish, throw, dustbin, collect, battery, plastic bags, spit, public places

Taking good care of our environment is very important because it's good for our health. We're living on the earth and we have only one earth.

What can we do for it? I think we should begin with the following things. We should pick up the rubbish and throw it into a dustbin, and we should collect waste things like batteries, plastic bags and so on. We should plant trees and flowers. And we shouldn't spit in public places or litter waste things anywhere.

It's our duty to keep our environment clean. If everyone does such useful things, our environment will become much better.

你聽說過某些瀕臨滅絕的動物嗎？ 請以Why Should We Protect Wildlife Animals？為題，用英語寫一篇短文，說明為什么要保護野生動物。詞數(shù)為80 詞左右。

寫作提示：

1．為什么有些野生動物處于危險之中；

2．為什么保護野生動物很重要；

3．我們應(yīng)該采取什么措施來保護野生動物。

提示詞語：wildlife(野生的)，endangered, tiger, panda, destroy(破壞)，fur, take measures(采取措施)，plant, tree, build a birdhouse

Why Should We Protect Wildlife Animals?

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時間匯總

各省市2014年中考報名時間匯總

各地2013年中考滿分作文

各省市2014年中考體育評分標準與項目匯總

Do you know any endangered animals? Why are they in danger?

I think there are many endangered animals in the world, such as tigers and pandas. When farmers cut down trees, tigers can no longer hide and hunt. Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur for money. And there are few places where pandas can live.

We are not alone in the world. We human beings could not live without all the plants and animals around us. So protecting wildlife animals is very important. We must take measures

書面表達(20分)

以“A Person I Will Never Forget”為題，寫一篇英語短文。

要求如下：

1．短文內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括人物的外貌、性格、愛好和使你難忘之處等；

2．短文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的校名和人名；

3．詞數(shù)80左右。

A Person I Will Never Forget

The person I'll never forget is my English teacher.He's a tall man with thick glasses.He likes sports and often plays football and basketball with us.He's humorous and always makes his classes lively and interesting.He's kind but is strict with us.He never allows us to pretend that we know what we don't know.He often tells us that it's no use memorizing new words

without understanding.My English has greatly improved with his help.

書面表達(20分)

(2011·桂林)今年是桂林市創(chuàng)建全國文明城市關(guān)鍵的一年。“桂林是我家，創(chuàng)城靠大家！”作為中學生，我們應(yīng)積極參與。請根據(jù)以下

提示，寫一篇80詞左右的短文(開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))。

要點：

(1)尊敬老師，對人禮貌；

(2)幫助他人，友善待人；

(3)遵守交規(guī)，過馬路走斑馬線，不闖紅燈；

(4)保護環(huán)境，不亂扔垃圾，不踩草地等；

(5)補充兩句個人觀點。

參考詞匯：respect(尊敬)；be polite to；obey(遵守)；traffic rules；zebra crossing(斑馬線)

要求：

(1)內(nèi)容包括所提供的信息及要點，可適當發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯；

(2)不得透露學校、姓名等任何個人信息。

Guilin is now making its effort to become a national civilized city.As students，what should we do?

We must respect our teachers and be polite to others.We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us.Besides，we must obey the traffic rules.When crossing the streets，we should walk on the zebra crossing.And we mustn‘t go across the street when the traffic lights are red.What’s more，we

should protect our environment.For example，we mustn't step on the grass and climb trees.Litter mustn't be thrown everywhere.

Guilin is our hometown.Let's try our best to make it a civilized city.

書面表達(15分)

現(xiàn)在的科技日新月異，各種發(fā)明以及高科技產(chǎn)品成為了我們生活中不可缺少的東西，如電腦、筆記本電腦(laptop)、手機(mobile phone)、MP4、數(shù)碼相機(digital camera)、數(shù)碼攝影機(DV)等。請以My Favorite Invention為題描述你最喜歡的一種發(fā)明，并說明理由(理由至少有兩個方面)。詞數(shù)在80詞左右。

____________________________

________________________________________________

My Favorite Invention

Among all the modern inventions，laptop is my

favorite one.I think it is the most amazing invention in the 21st century.Laptops are light and small.They are easy to carry.With a laptop，we can work，study and entertain everywhere.A laptop can get to the Internet outside，which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want.Using a laptop，I can keep in touch with my friends and family through e-mails and QQ at any time and in any place.I think in the future，everybody will have his or her own laptop.

書面表達(20分)

(2011·綏化)世界在發(fā)展，文化在交融，英語已經(jīng)成為人們溝通的橋梁。怎樣學好英語是我們一直在求索的問題。幾年的學習經(jīng)歷你一定積累了許多成功的經(jīng)驗，請從聽、說、讀、寫四方面談?wù)勀愕慕ㄗh。

要求：

1．詞數(shù)：80～100(開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；

2．字跡工整，語言流暢，表達正確，邏輯清晰。

How to Learn English Well

English is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well？Here are my suggestions. _______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時間匯總

各省市2014年中考報名時間匯總

各地2013年中考滿分作文

各省市2014年中考體育評分標準與項目匯總

How to Learn English Well

English is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well？Here are my suggestions. First，we should often listen to the tapes，English songs and programs. Watching English movies is also helpful to us. Second，we should speak English in class as much as possible. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. The more you speak，the fewer mistakes you'll make. We'd better join the English club and practice with others. Third，we can read more English newspapers and magazines. It's good for us. At last，we should recite some good passages and keep diaries.

In a word，as long as we do more listening，speaking，reading and writing，we will learn English well.

書面表達(20分)

為了使同學們與人交往時舉止更加文雅，你校學生會正在舉辦以“How To Behave Well？”為主題的英語征文比賽，請你寫一篇短文。(以上背景內(nèi)容無需表述)

短文要點如下：

1．學生應(yīng)該守時、守信、不撒謊、不說臟話；

2．禮貌待人，熱心助人；

3．遵守交通規(guī)則；不在公共場所喧嘩；不亂扔垃圾；

4．請你就此話題再補充一至兩點個人看法。

要求：1.不要逐詞翻譯；

2．在文中不要提及真實的校名和姓名；

3．詞數(shù)60～80。短文首句已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：dirty adj.　obey v．　promise n.

How To Behave Well?

Behaving well is the secret of getting on well with others.

As a student，I think it's very important to do everything on time and keep promises.Never lie to others or say dirty words.We should be polite to others and ready to help people in need.We'd better not talk loudly in public.Don't throw litter or spit about.And remember to obey traffic rules.

Finally，learn to work with others.We need good teamwork in our life.

書面表達(20分)

“唱響中國(Singing Around China)”正掀起一股熱潮，部分中學生也積極參選。假如你是李明，上周你們班圍繞這種現(xiàn)象展開了討論。請根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容用英語給某英文刊物寫一封電子郵件，并談?wù)勀銓Υ爽F(xiàn)象的看法。詞數(shù)：60～80。

Some students think	Some students think	I think
Experience different things	Waste of time	…
Become self-confident (自信的)	Difficult to succeed
Easy to be famous	Be laughed at

Dear editor(編輯)，

Last week our class had a discussion about Singing Around China.Some students think young people need to experience

different things. They will become self-confident if they

have the chance to show their ability.It's easy to be famous and make more money.

However，some believe it's a waste of time.It's difficult to succeed.If you don't sing well，you will be laughed at.Students should study hard.

I think，as a student，we should spend more time on our lessons and try our best to make our country stronger.

Best wishes!

Yours，

Li Ming

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時間匯總

各省市2014年中考報名時間匯總

各地2013年中考滿分作文

各省市2014年中考體育評分標準與項目匯總

（責任編輯：liushengbao）